Choosing the right drill bit can make a significant difference in woodworking, affecting the precision, finish, and overall efficiency of the task. Among the most commonly used drill bits are twist bits and brad point bits. While they may look similar at a glance, their performance in timber is markedly different. Understanding their distinct purposes helps ensure the right tool is used for the job.
The Standard Twist Bit: A Universal Option
The twist bit is the most widely available and versatile drill bit. Commonly included in general-purpose drill sets, it is suitable for drilling into a variety of materials including plastic, metal, and timber. Its spiral flutes effectively remove waste material as it cuts, and its hardened steel construction offers durability.
Twist bits are excellent for general construction tasks, especially when working with materials other than wood. They perform reasonably well in timber, especially when the demands for precision and cleanliness are low. However, when used in woodworking projects that require fine detail or accurate hole placement, twist bits often fall short.
One common issue is wandering. The blunt tip of a twist bit can slide across the wood surface before biting in, making it difficult to start a hole exactly where needed. In addition, twist bits can cause tear-out at both the entry and exit points, especially in softer or splinter-prone woods.
The Brad Point Bit: Precision for Timber
Enter the brad point bit—a specialised woodworking tool designed for accuracy and clean results. At the center of the bit is a sharp, pointed tip resembling a small nail. This point anchors the bit exactly where it needs to start, virtually eliminating wandering. It’s especially useful when drilling into marked locations, such as layout lines for joinery.
Surrounding the brad point are cutting spurs or “wings” that slice the outer edges of the hole before the inner material is removed. This produces cleaner holes with minimal tear-out, both on the surface and the backside, especially when used with a backing board.
Brad point bits excel when drilling into wood, whether with a handheld drill or a drill press. However, they are not designed for use with metal or harder materials. Attempting to drill into steel or aluminium with a brad point bit will quickly dull or damage it.
When to Use Each
- Twist bits are the go-to option for all-purpose drilling. They’re durable, inexpensive, and ideal for metal, plastic, and general construction work. They're handy for rough carpentry where hole placement isn’t critical.
- Brad point bits are a must-have for precision woodworking. They allow for clean, accurate holes—perfect for doweling, joinery, and cabinetry.
While twist bits serve a wide range of purposes, brad point bits are the superior choice when drilling into timber. Investing in a quality set of brad point bits offers better control, cleaner holes, and improved results, elevating any woodworking project from adequate to exceptional.